Avoiding Dementia

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Hawoy mag-isip!

FullyBooked once displayed a sign that read: "The presence of bookstores proves that people are still thinking." The sign is gone now, perhaps removed for the subtle critique it posed to those who seldom visit.

What was intended to celebrate intellectual engagement might have highlighted an uncomfortable truth: it shows the fine line between inspiring people and making those who prefer other activities feel left out.

Currently, there is a significant challenge with reading among learners. Many struggle to progress to comprehension, hindering cognitive development. Also, parental encouragement of a love for reading is lacking, resulting in a diminished capacity for deeper intellectual engagement in children.

Adults are often captivated by the immediate entertainment offered by social media, frequently bypassing posts that promote deep thinking.

Social media provides immediate rewards such as likes, comments, and shares. This instant feedback is highly stimulating and reinforces continued use. A study by Alter (2017) discusses how digital platforms are designed to exploit our desire for instant gratification and dopamine-driven rewards, making them more appealing than the delayed gratification of reading a book.

The preference for social media over traditional reading among adults is driven by factors such as instant gratification, decreased attention spans, convenience, social connectivity, visual stimulation, perceived relevance, and lower cognitive effort.

Preferring low-effort activities often means engaging in tasks that do not challenge the brain or stimulate critical thinking. This can lead to decreased cognitive engagement and lower mental stimulation.

Over time, this can result in diminished cognitive skills such as problem-solving, critical thinking, and memory retention. A study by K. A. Erickson and colleagues (2010) found that mental stimulation and challenging cognitive activities are essential for maintaining cognitive health.

A study published in The New England Journal of Medicine (2019) by Stern et al. found that individuals who engage in activities that stimulate the brain, such as reading, problem-solving, and learning, have a lower risk of developing dementia.

The study emphasizes that cognitive reserve, built through mental stimulation, can protect against the onset of dementia.

If unattended and not given focus, the degeneration of the brain can be terrifying since you will even forget who you are.

Commonplace

 

 

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Makiuso pirme.

What is it about trends that makes them so pervasive? Are they not similar to an epidemic, spreading rapidly through society? Why are people so irresistibly drawn to whatever is considered "in"?

People get into trends due to a mix of psychological factors, including the desire for social acceptance and belonging, fear of missing out (FOMO), and the bandwagon effect, where they follow others to feel included.

Trends also offer a way to express and explore identity, while cognitive biases like novelty-seeking and the influence of media amplify their appeal. Additionally, trends provide psychological comfort by reducing decision-making stress and aligning individuals with cultural norms, making it easier to fit in and feel secure in a social context.

Younger individuals are prone to joining such trends because they are still on the age of looking for their individual identities. But there are also adults who still want to be authentic and relevant.

Research by Cialdini and Goldstein (2004) on social influence shows that excessive conformity can diminish personal autonomy and self-expression, which are crucial for psychological well-being.

When people follow trends without questioning, it can reduce critical thinking and lead to a passive acceptance of information. A study by Kahneman (2011) on cognitive biases shows how the availability heuristic, where people rely on readily available information (often trends), can lead to flawed decision-making by bypassing deeper analysis.

To avoid being swept up by trends, one should cultivate self-awareness and critical thinking. It's important to reflect on whether a trend aligns with personal values or if it's driven by a desire for social approval.

If unguarded, this can lead to a sense of disconnection from one's authentic self, impulsive choices that may have negative consequences, and a constant chase for external validation. Over time, this can result in a lack of fulfilment and a diminished sense of self-worth, as one's identity becomes increasingly shaped by external influences rather than personal convictions.

In Malcolm Gladwell's “The Tipping Point”, he explores how small changes and social dynamics can lead to widespread adoption of trends. According to Gladwell, when individuals follow trends merely to gain acceptance, they often contribute to a collective shift that might ultimately lead to a superficial or banal version of selfhood.

A nondescript identity muddles the mind of the attention-hungry. Then, the mental well-being will then be affected.

Objects

 

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Jaoy pa gihapon mga macho… Mahamok

Jean Mangaluz of the philstar.com reported on August 15, 2024: Former "bad boy" turned Sen. Robinhood Padilla questioned if there was anything a husband could do to compel his wife to have sex with him even if she does not want to, leading to a lesson on consent.

The senator who led the senate poll then was addressed by feminist lawyer Atty. Lorna Capunan who made it clear: No means No, even in the context of marriage between a wife and a husband.

“Paano ako?” the bad boy of Philippine cinema then gesticulated.

Consent is a fundamental human right that must be upheld in all relationships, including marriage. The notion that a spouse could be coerced into sexual activity is deeply troubling and reflective of outdated and harmful attitudes towards marriage and gender roles.

Senator Padilla's remarks present an opportunity to reinforce the importance of educating society on the principles of consent. This includes understanding that consent must be freely given, enthusiastic, and revocable at any time. It is crucial for lawmakers, public figures, and educators to champion these principles, ensuring that everyone—regardless of gender—understands and respects the boundaries that protect individual rights within all relationships.

Morrison Torrey (1991) explores the legal and social implications of marital rape and the importance of consent in marital relationships. His study provides a comprehensive analysis of how the law has evolved to recognize that marriage does not nullify an individual's right to bodily autonomy.

Legally, marital rape is recognized as a crime in many jurisdictions, including the Philippines. The notion that a spouse has an inherent right to sex without the other’s consent is not only outdated but also legally indefensible. If Senator Padilla is unaware of these legal protections, it might reflect ignorance of the law, particularly in areas related to gender and human rights.

Worse, if Senator Padilla lacks this knowledge, it is a serious issue that could undermine his effectiveness as a legislator and his ability to represent his constituents fairly and justly.

Paano tayo?

Digital Chains

 

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Dali dakan ayahan. Gusto lingaw pirme…

The idle television in the living room stands as a poignant symbol of a bygone era when families would gather to watch their favorite soap operas together. Today, the scene is vastly different, with most people hunched over their smartphones, endlessly scrolling through a barrage of images and videos, lost in the digital maze.

The rise of mobile phones has shifted entertainment to the small screens in our hands, making the internet the lifeblood of modern existence. For many, especially those on the edge of poverty, the lure of connectivity is so powerful that they would forgo basic needs, like food, in exchange for data to stay online.

This shift in behavior is not just a matter of convenience but has deep social and psychological implications. A study by Fuchs (2020), titled "Digital Divides and the Internet: A Review of the Literature and a Study on the Global Internet Usage Gap," explores the phenomenon of mobile phone dependence, particularly among lower-income populations.

Fuchs highlights that mobile phones have become a crucial tool for accessing entertainment and information, especially in developing regions where traditional media consumption is declining. The study discusses how the internet has become essential for social inclusion, with connectivity seen as a necessity rather than a luxury, even leading to sacrifices in other areas of life, such as food and healthcare, to maintain online access.

This increased internet usage is closely linked to a decline in physical activities, particularly among adults, contributing to sedentary lifestyles and associated health risks. Internet addiction, driven by psychological factors like emotional regulation, social needs, and underlying mental health conditions, further exacerbates this trend. Research by Kim et al. (2009) found that loneliness and a lack of social support are significant predictors of internet addiction, as the internet offers a sense of community and connection that may be missing in real life.

The conveniences of modern technology have come at a cost, gradually eroding our health as we trade movement for the sedentary comforts of screen time. Returning to an active lifestyle is not just about fitness; it is about reconnecting with our natural rhythms, fostering real-world relationships, and nurturing a sense of presence in our own lives.

Stepping away from screens and embracing physical activity is a profound gesture of self-care, essential for restoring balance in a digitally dominated world.

Mirrors

 

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Mag pila sa una kun magsalida an kan Fernando Poe sine…

Is Filipino cinema on the brink of extinction? This question arises frequently, particularly in the face of the overwhelming influx of superhero films with cutting-edge special effects and the growing preference for K-dramas among the younger generation.

During the 40th Luna Awards, Jose Javier Reyes delivered a speech emphasizing the evolution and future of Filipino cinema. He stressed the importance of ensuring that Philippine cinema retains its distinct Filipino identity while also being understood and appreciated on a global scale.

According to a study by Turner (2019), cinema serves as a "cultural repository" that maintains a nation's cultural memory, particularly in the face of globalization, which often leads to the dominance of foreign cultures in local markets.

Roderick Paulate (who won Best Actor for the film “In His Mother’s Eyes) nostalgically recalled the vibrant gatherings of local artists during the Film Academy of the Philippines (FAP) events as he delivered his speech at the Luna Awards. He vividly described the camaraderie and the shared passion for Filipino cinema that once brought together the industry's finest talents.

Paulate reminisced about the sense of community that these gatherings fostered, where artists, directors, and industry professionals exchanged ideas and celebrated their collective achievements. His reflection highlighted the significance of these moments in shaping the local film industry and the deep connections that were forged during those times.

Recently, the esteemed matriarch of Regal Films, Lily Monteverde, passed away, leaving behind a profound legacy in the world of Philippine cinema. During the 1980s, she was instrumental in producing an array of high-caliber films that garnered critical acclaim and poignantly captured the essence of Filipino culture. Among her most notable contributions is the "Mano Po" franchise, which offered an intimate exploration of the lives and challenges of Filipino-Chinese families, shedding light on their significant influence within the broader societal landscape.

Gerbner and Gross's(1976) research is part of the Cultivation Theory, which posits that long-term exposure to media content, including films, can shape an individual's perceptions of reality and societal norms.

In the context of Filipino cinema, films that authentically depict the country's unique cultural heritage and social experiences help anchor the nation's identity, ensuring that, even amidst globalization, the core essence of being Filipino remains vibrant and resilient.

Let the spirit and culture of Filipinos continue to thrive through different media.

Uncontextualized

 

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Mikallit pagka-abtik.

Occasionally, individuals may exhibit a sudden shift towards becoming more opinionated. This phenomenon prompts the inquiry: Is there an emerging source of confidence underlying this change?

Without a grounding in context, ideas can lead to misinterpretations, flawed decisions, and potentially harmful outcomes.

Individuals who give opinions and ideas without considering the context, concepts can be significantly impaired, leading to less optimal or even harmful choices. Morrow and Bowers (2007) argue that context provides essential information that shapes how ideas and decisions are framed.

Then, there are juxtapositions without clear context.

Juxtapositions—placing two or more elements side by side for comparison—can be powerful tools for analysis and insight. However, when used without clear context, they can lead to misunderstandings, misinterpretations, and erroneous conclusions.

It is a discourse in fallacy when one compares the sun and the moon.

Comparing the sun’s heat to the moon’s coldness without recognizing that the moon doesn’t emit its own heat but reflects the sun’s light can lead to misleading conclusions about their relative temperatures.

In philosophy, a category mistake occurs when items from different context are compared inappropriately. This concept is discussed in works such as "Philosophical Investigations" by Ludwig Wittgenstein (1953), which explores how incorrect comparisons arise from misunderstandings of the categories involved.

Comparing two different cultures and systems can result in a false equivalence if their fundamentally different properties are ignored.

The concept of false equivalence is explored in critical thinking and logical fallacies literature. For instance, "The Art of Thinking Clearly" by Rolf Dobelli (2013) discusses how false equivalences can mislead reasoning and decision-making.

Using analogies to compare two different systems without proper context can lead to misleading conclusions. Analogies are useful for illustrating similarities but can be misleading if the differences are crucial to the comparison.

In "The Nature of Scientific Thinking" by Howard E. Gruber (1981), the use of analogies in scientific reasoning is examined, highlighting how analogies can clarify concepts but also mislead if not applied with attention to relevant differences.

Comparing two systems without considering their different contexts can lead to misrepresentation of their significance and function.

The importance of context in understanding and interpreting information is discussed in "Thinking, Fast and Slow" by Daniel Kahneman (2011), which explores how context shapes our perception and reasoning.

Ergo, airing unfounded opinions may feign confidence but it takes a lot of processes and scientific thinking before becoming profound idea-generators.